Electric Current Current is the flow of charged particles through a conducting medium, such as a metal wire. In other words, electric current is a measure of the amount of electrical charge transferred per unit time across any cross-section. If dq be the charge flowing through a given cross-section in time dt, then electric current ‘I’ through the same cross-section The S.I. Outlines Of Chemical Technology By Dryden Pdf Download. Unit of electric current is ampere having symbol A. The electric current through any cross-section is 1 ampere if 1 coulomb charge flows across it in 1 second. Thus, ampere= coulomb per second A = Cs -1 The direction of electric current is taken as the direction of flow of positive charge.

It means the direction of electric current is opposite to the direction of electrons. On the basis of variation of its direction, the two main types of current are: Direct Current in which the flow electric current is only in one direction and Alternating current whose magnitude changes with time and reverses its direction periodically.

Electric current is a scalar quantity. Although electric current possesses both magnitude and direction, yet it is not a vector quantity because it does not obey the rules of vector addition. Thus, the arrow heads used to indicate the direction of current in electric circuit is simply indicate the direction of flow of positive charge. Electric currents add and multiply like scalar quantity.

Current Density Current density as word itself suggests is the density of current. It is an another way to describe the flow of charge. The electric current density at a point in the conductor is defined as the electric current per unit area around the given point and in a direction perpendicular to the area. It may be noted that it is the characteristic property of point inside the conductor nor the conductor as a whole.In SI units, the electric current density is measured in amperes per square metre.

Current density is important to design the electrical and electronic systems. Circuit performance depends strongly upon the designed current level and the current density then is determined by the dimensions of the conducting elements.

Which site can be used to download the pdf of DC Pandey optics and modern physics? I want the book and not the solutions.

For example, as integrated circuits are reduced in size, despite the lower current demanded by smaller devices, there is trend toward higher current densities to achieve higher device number in ever smaller chip areas. High current densities have undesirable consequences. Most electrical conductors have finite, positive resistance, making the dissipate power in the form of heat.

The current density must be kept sufficiently low to prevent the conductor from melting or burning up. Ohm’s Law It states that when physical conditions remaining the same, the electric current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends. Mathematically, if V be the potential difference and I be the current, then V = IR Where, R is a constant for the conductor and is called resistance. Unit of Resistance The unit of resistance is called ohm (symbol Ω). If, V =one volt and I = one ampere, Then R = one ohm Thus: volt = (ampere) (ohm) Ohm’s Law as a Predictor of Current As an equation, this serves as an algebraic recipe for calculating the current if potential difference and the resistance are known. This equation indicates the two variables that would affect the amount of current in circuit. The current in a circuit at constant temperature is directly proportional to the electric potential difference impressed across its ends and inversely proportional to the total resistance offered by the external circuit.

It means when voltage of the battery is increased, current through the circuit also increases and when resistance is increased, the current decreases.. Failure of Ohm’s law Ohm’s law is applicable for some conductors called Ohmic Conductors which have a linear dependency of potential difference on current flowing through the conductor means V proportional to I. But there are many other conductors which do not follow Ohm’s law and called Non-Ohmic Conductors like Transistors, Diodes, etc. The graph between V and I is expected to be a straight line which is not obtained for higher values of current. Moreover, sometimes the relation of V and I becomes dependent on sign of V for forward and reverse bias respectivel The graph shows that when the voltage of external source is gradually increased, the current flowing through the circuit doesn’t increase up to a larger value of external voltage.

But at a certain voltage (Knee voltage), the current increases abruptly. Thus current is not directly proportional to the applied voltage in some cases and in that cases Ohm’s law does not hold true. Serial Number Name Author Type of Book Description 1 Concepts of Physics H.C. Verma Text-book for Basics Best for Mechanics, Electrostatics, Optics, Modern Physics, Heat and waves. The book contains high quality solved numerical problems which would be of a great help in understanding the method of solving problems. 2 NCERT Physics Text-book for Basics Class XI and Class XII books for CBSE 3 Problems in General Physics I.E.

Irodov Problems and solutions Consists of high level problems. Best for Mechanics, Electricity and Mechanism, modern Physics 4 Fundamentals of Physics Resnick, Halliday, Walker Reference Book Good for Mechanics, Electricity and Magnetism, Heat. 5 Arihant Physics D.

Pandey Reference Book Consists of many solved problems. However must be used for reference only after understanding the basics properly 6 University Physics Sears and Zemansky Reference Book Good numerical problems 7 Elements of Dynamics S.L.Loney Reference Book 8 Advanced level Physics Nelson and Parker Reference Book IIT JEE Chemistry Preparation Books. Serial Number Name Author Type Description 1 NCERT Chemistry Text Book for Basics Class XI and class XII books for CBSE 2 Organic Chemistry Morrison & Boyd Reference book Best for strengthening conceptual knowledge 3 Reaction mechanism in Organic Chemistry Parmar and Chawla Reference Book 4 Arihant Chemistry Reference Book Good for preparation when there is a lot of time in hand. Not recommended if there is time constraint. 5 Organic Chemistry Francis Carey (TMH) Reference Book 6 Concise Inorganic Chemistry J.D. Lee Reference Book 7 IIT Chemistry O.P. Agarwal Reference Book Highly recommended 8 Numerical Chemistry R.

Mukerjee Reference Book 9 Physical Chemistry P.W.Atkins Reference Book 10 Numerical Chemistry P.Bahadur Reference Book Solved numerical problems are good. Chemical and Ionic Equilibrium have been explained well. 11 General Chemistry Ebbing Reference Book IIT JEE Maths Preparation Books. Serial Number Name Author Type Description 1 Mathematics R.S. Agarwal Text Book for Basics X and XII 2 NCERT Maths Text Book for Basics CBSE prescribed books for XI and XII 3 High school mathematics Hall and Knight Reference Book 4 New Pattern Mathematics fot IIT JEE M.L.

Khanna Reference Book 5 Algebra made easy K.P.Basu Reference Book 6 A problem book in Mathematical analysis G.N. Berman Reference Book 7 Calculus and analytic geometry Thomas and Finney Reference Book 8 Coordinate geometry S. Loney Reference Book Highly recommended book by coaching centres 9 Problems in calculus of one variable I.A.

Maron Reference Book Considered very good for Differential Calculus 10 TMH Course in Mathematics for IIT JEE Tata McGraw Hill Publications Reference Book 11 Plane Trigonometry S.L. Loney Reference Book The book contains detailed conceptual knowledge of the subject. Great for strengthening the basics of Trigonometry. Great for understanding Vectors 12 Higher Algebra Bernard and Child Reference Book A high level book. Must be referred after an advanced understanding of the subject.

13 Arihant Mathematics Reference Books.

Dc Pandey physics mechanics part 2 PDF is the best book ever for a Serious IIT-JEE (Main, Advance) & Medical Student. It is the best book for you if you are preparing for JEE Main or Advance Seriously. About the Book Physics EBook mechanics 2 by dc Pandey is excellent book one can't avoid who has IIT JEE as a goal it is a concept oriented book well explained with suitable examples and problems this book boosted your basics.dc Pandey books cover almost all the required concepts which are necessary for JEE Main. DC Pandey all physics series enhance and motivates you for solving problems from any book after completing dc Pandey 5 set of books.. I want to tell all the aspirants that understanding physics mechanics part 2 book is very good and useful if some of your concepts are not clear. This book will help you clear the basics of physics while also it contains a good bulk problems which are likely to be asked in JEE Main & Advance. Name - Understanding Physics Mechanics Part 2.

Author - DC Pandey Size - 25mb Pages - 423 Format –PDF Description of DC Pandey Books. Understanding Physics Mechanics Part 1. Understanding Physics Mechanics Part 2. Understanding Physics Electricity & Magnetism. Understanding Physics Optics & Modern Physics.

Understanding Physics Wave & Thermodynamics. Physics book mechanics 2 by dc Pandey book has very good problems compared to other books like Cengage's. Which is pretty good, solving more than 800 problems will just build your concepts. This book Contain good quality problems so that students are able to complete the chapter in a very less amount of time. And that is what this book does. But this Series should be accompanied with concepts of physics by HC Varma to prepare yourself for solving Advance level (High order Thinking Questions) problems which are likely to be asked in IIT JEE Advance.For JEE Main (AIEEE) & Medical Exams (AIPMT/NEET) the series of DC Pandey is the better option. DC Pandey physics Mechanics part 2 is the best book of Mechanics for JEE aspirants as well as for 10+2 students because this book will help you to polish your concepts.if you are preparing for JEE Main or Advance than this book will help you a lot.

But for JEE Advance you have to buy HC Varma along with it. It provides good conceptual question so buy both books. But I will advise you that don't miss any single question or topic from DC Pandey.

The books by dc Pandey have become indispensable for preparing various competitive examinations like IIT JEE Main & Advance in India. The new edition of the book contains lots of new material and new problems to cater the level of IIT JEE entrance exam and AIIMS exams. This book is well organized, includes questions from previous IIT-JEE exams as per topic/chapter. Content in the book. Mechanics of Rotational Motion. Gravitation Simple Harmonic Motion. Fluid Mechanics.

Hints & Solutions. If the reader goes through dc Pandey physics mechanics part 2 book regularly then he/she will get an idea of the depth of questions expected from each chapter in the syllabus of IIT JEE. Try to solve the questions yourself before seeing the answer.Try it again and again until you succeed.That is the secret of success in any competitive exam, especially for the IIT-JEE exam.

But if you want to learn derivation and make your concepts clearer then I suggest you buy HC Varma along with it. I think you have to study free pdf of dc Pandey physics mechanics part 2 if you want to score good marks in physics section of IIT JEE Main & Advance. Buy the paperback edition of the book or download free pdf eBook from the link given below...