Mathematical induction. This is a method of 'pulling oneself up by one's bootstraps' and is regarded with suspicion by non-mathematicians. Suppose we want to sum an Arithmetic Progression: 1 + 2 + 3 +. Engineers' induction. Check it for (say) the first few values and then for one larger value.

Q1: Who can apply for NPDF? What are the eligibility criteria for availing the post-doctoral fellowship?A1: The applicant should hold Ph.D. Degree in Science or Engineering or M.D or M.S degree in any area of medicine. Those who have submitted their PhD/M. S thesis and are awaiting award of the degree are also eligible to apply. Applicants should have an outstanding track record as evident from the quality of the research outputs and publications.

The selection will be based on the recommendations of an Expert Committee. Q3: What is the amount of fellowship?Is my fellowship taxable? Is the fellowship tenable outside India?A3: The Fellowship amount for NPDF is Rs.

55,000/- per month. For those who have submitted their Ph.D.

35,000/- per month will be offered till they are awarded the eligible degree. The fellowship is taxable under the Income Tax rules of India.

The fellowship is tenable only in India and can be implemented in any of the recognized academic institutions, national laboratories and other recognized R & D institutions. The host institution should provide necessary administrative and infrastructural support. Q5: Can I avail the NPDF from the same institution from where I have obtained the Ph. Can I avail other fellowship grants?A5: The fellowship is generally not availed at the same institution where one hasobtained or worked for the PhD/M.S/M.D degree. Also, the fellowship cannot be availed with the doctoral thesis supervisor or co-supervisoras a mentor.

The fellows are not eligible to receive fellowship/salaryfrom any other Government or Non-Governmental source during the tenure of the SERB National Post-Doctoral Fellowship. Q7: When should I apply for NPDF? Can I apply for the National Post-Doctoral Fellowship (N- PDF) projects throughout the year?A7: The applicant must first identify the host institution and a suitable Mentor in the host institution under which the proposed research objectives will be pursued. The call for applications for SERB- NPDF will be notified twice a year(April and October) through the website www.serbonline.inand www.serb.gov.in. Chemigem Dm51 Manual Transfer. Usually one month window will be provided to submit the application along with other documents. All applications should be submitted through the SERB online portal www.serbonline.in. Q9: How should I apply for NPDF?

What documents should I submit?A9: All applications should be submitted through the SERB online portal www.serbonline.in. Usually one month window is provided to submit the application along with other documents. The following documents are mandatory. •Research proposal (see www.serbonline.in for the correct format). •Proof of Date of Birth (Class X certificate or Date of Birth Certificate). •Proof of Caste (only for cases seeking age relaxation). •Proof of Ph.D.

Degree or proof of Ph.D. Thesis submission certificate. •Endorsement Certificate signed by Mentor and Head of the Host Institution (format can be downloaded from www.serbonline.in). •Undertaking Certificate by the applicant (see online portal for its format. •Reprints of your two best publications. •CV of the Mentor (see online portal for its format).

The applicants are advised to follow detailed instructions provided in the SERB online portal www.serbonline.in. Q11: When should I join the host institution? When and how will I receive the Fellowship?A11: Successful applicants must first join the host institution within three months from the date of receipt of the offer letter. After joining, the joining report must be uploaded through the online portal along with the RTGS details of the host institution. The Sanction Order will be issued within a month once the joining report and RTGS details are uploaded in the online portal. The funds are expected to be released to host institution within three weeks of issue of sanction order.

The fellowship amount will be subsequently disbursed by the host institution to the Fellow. The NPDF fellow is eligible to receive fellowship from the date of joining the host institution. Q15: I intend to change my Mentor/Host Institution? What procedure should I follow?A15: Change of Mentor/Host Institution is generally discouraged and can be allowed only in exceptional cases. Change of Host Institution shall be undertaken only after obtaining due approval from SERB. The new host institute in any case should not be the institution from which the applicant has worked for his Ph.D.

Or obtained his Ph.D. The transfer of the fellowship along with balance grant and the assets to the new institute is allowed, provided the administrative authority of both institutes agree in writing. NOC from the previous host institute and Endorsement Form from the new host Institute &new Mentor must be sent to SERB through the online portal. Objective: The SERB-National Post Doctoral Fellowship (N-PDF) is aimed to identify motivated young researchers and provide them support for doing research in frontier areas of science and engineering. The fellows will work under a mentor, and it is hoped that this training will provide them a platform to develop as an independent researcher.

Eligibility: • The applicant should be an Indian citizen. • The applicant must have obtained Ph.D./M.D./M.S. Degree from a recognized University. Those who have submitted their PhD/M.D/M.S thesis and are awaiting award of the degree are also eligible to apply. However, such candidates, if selected, will be offered lower fellowship amount till they qualify the eligible degree.

• The upper age limit for the fellowship is 35 years at the time of the submission of application, age will be calculated by taking the date of closure of the respective call. Age relaxation of 5 (five) years will be given to candidates belonging to SC/ST/OBC/Physically Challenged & Women candidates. • NPDF can be availed only once by a candidate in his/her career. • Mentor must hold a regular academic / research position in a recognized institution in India.

Should hold Ph.D. Degree in Science or Engineering. • A mentor shall not have more than two SERB NPDF fellows at any given time.

Nature & Duration of Support: • The fellowship is tenable only in India and can be implemented in any of the recognized academic institutions, national laboratories and other recognized R & D institutions. The host institution should provide necessary administrative and infrastructural support. • The fellows will not be allowed to work with the Ph.D. It is also normally not availed at the same Department / institution where the candidates have earned their PhD/M.S/M.D degree. • The fellowship is purely a temporary assignment, and is tenable initially for a period of 2 years.

In exceptional cases, depending on the progress of research, the fellowship can be extended for one more year. There is no provision to extend the tenure beyond three years. • The fellows will be entitled to receive the grants as given below: Sl. Budget Head Amount 1.

Fellowship Rs. 55,000/- per month (consolidated) Rs. 35,000/ p.m for candidates who have submitted the thesis but degree not yet awarded 2.

Research Grant Rs. 2,00,000/- per annum 3. Overheads Rs. 1,00,000/- per annum • Research grant can be used for minor equipment, consumables, contingencies and domestic travel. There is no provision for providing manpower support under this scheme. The Fellow is expected to undertake the research objectives by himself/herself during the entire duration of the fellowship. • The fellows are not eligible to receive any other fellowship from any Government or Non-Governmental source during the tenure of the fellowship.

• The fellows must seek the consent of SERB if he/she intends to be away from the implementing institute (except for field work related to the project) continuously for a period more than eight weeks. Selection & Mode of Application: • The call for applications for SERB-N PDF will be notified twice a year through the websites and • The application form along with a research proposal highlighting the objectives of the research work to be undertaken should be submitted online through the website • The applicant must identify a suitable Mentor under whom the proposed research would be carried out.

• The selection will be based on the recommendations of an Expert Committee that will be constituted by the SERB. If required, the applicants may be called for personal interview. How to Apply Online: For successful online submission of the application the following points may be noted: • Applicants should first register into the online website • After log-in, applicants are required to fill all the mandatory fields in Profile Detail section under User Profile, which includes Bio data, photo, Institute Address, etc. • Details including Project Title (max 500 characters), Project summary (max 3000 characters), Keywords (max 6), Objectives of the proposal (max 1500 characters), Expected output and outcome of the proposal (max 1500 characters) should be provided online at the time of submission of the application. • Work Methodology and Research plan has to be uploaded in single PDF file not more than 3 pages (max 10 MB). • For details one may visit Documents Required (in PDF) Should be in Prescribed Format: • Biodata (under user profile section) • Age Proof Certificate. • Qualification Certificate.

• Category Certificate (in case of Age Relaxation). • Undertaking Certificate by the applicant • Endorsement Certificate from the Mentor & Host Institute • Short CV of the mentor (see online portal for its format). Termination of the Fellowship: • If any fellow wishes to terminate the fellowship, he/she shall inform the SERB through the mentor and host institute immediately. The implementing institute should not incur any expenditure from the date of termination of the project or the date of resignation of PI. The institute will also arrange for submission of documents mentioned above. • SERB reserves the right to terminate the Fellowship at any stage if it is convinced that appropriate progress is not being made or the grant has not been utilized properly. Leave: SERB PDFs are entitled to leave as per rules of the host institution.

Participation in scientific workshops held in India or abroad will be treated as on duty. Maternity leave as per the Govt. Of India instructions issued from time to time would be available to female candidates in all categories. The details of Programme Advisors / Coordinators and Programme Officers are given below: S.

Name of the Programme Programme Advisor / Coordinator Programme Officer 1 Chemical Sciences Dr. Praveen Kumar S Scientist E Dr. Prasanna Scientist C 2 Earth & Atmospheric Sciences Dr. Praveen Kumar S Scientist E Dr.Prahlad Ram Scientist C 3 Engineering Sciences Dr. Praveen Kumar S Scientist E Dr.

Ramesh Scientist C 4 Life Sciences Dr. Praveen Kumar S Scientist E Dr. Thangaradjou Scientist E 5 Physical & Mathematical Sciences Dr. Praveen Kumar S Scientist E Dr. Magesh Kumar Scientist C Please follow for the updates on the next call for proposals for this program. This will be notified in the 'What's New' section of the website.

• Open the table or report you want to publish as a PDF. • On the External Data tab, in the Export group, click PDF or XPS • In the File Name field, type or select a name for the document. • In the Save as type list, click PDF (*.pdf). • If the document requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If file size is more important than print quality, click Minimum size (publishing online).

• Click Options to set the page to be printed, to choose whether markup should be printed, and to select output options. • Click Publish. Note: You can’t save Power View sheets as PDF files. • Click the File tab. • Click Save As.

To see the Save As dialog box in Excel 2013 or Excel 2016, you have to choose a location and folder. • In the File Name box, enter a name for the file, if you haven't already.

• In the Save as type list, click PDF (*.pdf). • If you want the file to open in the selected format after saving, select the Open file after publishing check box. • If the document requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If file size is more important than print quality, click Minimum size (publishing online). • Click Options to set the page to be printed, to choose whether markup should be printed, and to select output options.

Click OK when finished. • Click Save. OneNote 2013 and OneNote 2016 • Click the File tab. • Click Export. • Under Export Current, click what part of the notebook you want to save as PDF. • Under Select Format, click PDF (*.pdf), and then click Export. • In the Save As dialog box, in the File Name field, enter a name for the notebook.

• Click Save. OneNote 2010 • Click the File tab. • Click Save As, and then click the option that represents the portion of the notebook that you want to save as PDF. • Under Save Section As, click PDF (*.pdf), and then click Save As.

• In the File Name field, enter a name for the notebook. • Click Save.

• Click the File tab. • Click Save As.

To see the Save As dialog box in PowerPoint 2013 and PowerPoint 2016, you have to choose a location and folder. • In the File Name box, enter a name for the file, if you haven't already. • In the Save as type list, click PDF (*.pdf). • If you want the file to open in the selected format after saving, select the Open file after publishing check box. • If the document requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing).

• If the file size is more important than print quality, click Minimum size (publishing online). • Click Options to set the page to be printed, to choose whether markup should be printed, and to select output options. Click OK when finished. • Click Save. • Click the File tab.

• Click Save As. To see the Save As dialog box in Publisher 2013 or Publisher 2016, you have to choose a location and folder. • In the File Name box, enter a name for the file, if you haven't already. • In the Save as type list, click PDF (*.pdf). • If you want to change how the document is optimized, click Change. (Click Options in Publisher 2013 or Publisher 2016.) • Make any changes you want to the picture resolution and non-printing information.

• Click Print Options to make changes to the printing options for the document. • Click OK when finished. • If you want the file to open in the selected format after saving, select the Open file after publishing check box. • Click Save. • Click the File tab. • Click Save As.

To see the Save As dialog box in Visio 2013 or Visio 2016, you have to choose a location and folder. • In the File Name box, enter a name for the file, if you haven't already. • In the Save as type list, click PDF (*.pdf).

• If you want the file to open in the selected format after saving, select the Automatically view file after saving check box. • If the document requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If file size is more important than print quality, click Minimum size (publishing online).

• Click Options to set the page to be printed, to choose whether markup should be printed, and to select output options. • Click Save. Word 2013 and Word 2016 • Choose File >Export >Create PDF/XPS. • If the properties of your Word document contains information that you do not want included in the PDF, in the Publish as PDF or XPS window, choose Options. Then select Document and clear Document properties.

Set any other options you want and choose OK. For more information about document properties, see. • In Publish as PDF or XPS, navigate to where you want to save the file. Also, modify the file name if you want a different name. • Click Publish.

More about PDF options • To make a PDF file from only some of the pages in your document, choose an option under Page range. • To include tracked changes in the PDF, under Publish what, select Document showing markup. Otherwise, make sure Document is selected. • To create a set of bookmarks in the PDF file, select Create bookmarks using.

Then, choose Headings or, if you added bookmarks to your document, Word Bookmarks. • If you want to include document properties in the PDF, make sure Document properties is selected. • To make the document easier for screen-reading software to read, select Document structure tags for accessibility. • ISO 19005-1 compliant (PDF/A) This option outputs the PDF document as version 1.7 PDF, which is an archiving standard.

PDF/A helps to insure that a document will look the same when it’s opened later on a different computer. • Bitmap text when fonts may not be embedded If fonts can't be embedded into the document, the PDF uses bitmap images of the text so that the PDF looks the same as the original document. If this option isn’t selected and the file uses a font that can't be embedded, then the PDF reader might substitute another font. • Encrypt the document with a password To restrict access so only people with the password can open the PDF, select this option. When you click OK, Word opens the Encrypt PDF Document box, where you can type and re-enter a password. Open and copy content from a PDF with Word You can copy any content you want from a PDF by opening it in Word.

Go to File >Open and browse to the PDF file. Word opens the PDF content in a new file. You can copy any content you want from it, including images and diagrams. Word 2010 This information also applies to Microsoft Word Starter 2010. • Click the File tab.

• Click Save As. To see the Save As dialog box in Word 2013 and Word 2016, you have to choose a location and folder. • In the File Name box, enter a name for the file, if you haven't already. • In the Save as type list, click PDF (*.pdf). • If you want the file to open in the selected format after saving, select the Open file after publishing check box. • If the document requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If the file size is more important than print quality, click Minimum size (publishing online).

• Click Options to set the page to be printed, to choose whether markup should be printed, and to select output options. Click OK when finished. • Click Save. • Open the table or report that you want to publish as PDF. • Click the Microsoft Office Button, point to the arrow next to Save As, and then click PDF or XPS. • In the File Name list, type or select a name for the file.

• In the Save as type list, click PDF. • If you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box. This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer.

• Next to Optimize for, do one of the following, depending on whether file size or print quality is more important to you: • If the table or report requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If the print quality is less important than file size, click Minimum size (publishing online). • To specify various options for the file, click Options. (Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) Click OK. • In the Publish as PDF or XPS dialog box, click Publish. If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again. To learn more, see.

• Click the Microsoft Office Button, point to the arrow next to Save As, and then click PDF or XPS. • In the File Name list, type or select a name for the workbook. • In the Save as type list, click PDF. • If you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box.

This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer. • Next to Optimize for, do one of the following, depending on whether file size or print quality is more important to you: • If the workbook requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If the print quality is less important than file size, click Minimum size (publishing online). • To specify various options for the file, click Options. (Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) Click OK. • Click Publish.

If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again. To learn more, see. • On the File menu, point to Export To, and then click PDF or XPS. • In the File Name list, type or select a name for the form. • In the Save as type list, click PDF. • If you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box. This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer.

• Next to Optimize for, do one of the following, depending on whether file size or print quality is more important to you: • If the form requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If the print quality is less important than file size, click Minimum size (publishing online). • Click Publish. If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again. To learn more, see. • Click the Microsoft Office Button, point to the arrow next to Save As, and then click PDF or XPS. • In the File name list, type or select a name for the presentation.

• In the Save as type list, click PDF. • If you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box. This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer. • Next to Optimize for, do one of the following, depending on whether file size or print quality is more important to you: • If the presentation requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing).

• If the print quality is less important than file size, click Minimum size (publishing online). • To specify various options for the file, click Options. (Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) Click OK. • Click Publish. If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again.

To learn more, see. Save as PDF for sharing or Web distribution If you want to share the publication in a fixed format over the Web or a network, do the following: • On the File menu, click Publish as PDF or XPS. • In the File name list, type or select a name for the publication.

• In the Save as type list, click PDF. • Next to Optimize for, click Change. • In the Publish Options dialog box, click the optimization in the Specify how this publication will be printed or distributed list that matches the needs of the publication. For example, if the publication will be distributed online and print quality is less important than a small file size, click Minimum size. If the quality of the printing is more important than file size, click High quality printing. • Click Advanced to display the entire dialog box, and select the settings that you need.

(Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) • Click OK. • In the Save As dialog box, if you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box. This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer, and if the Commercial Press option is not selected in the Publish Options dialog box.

• Click Save. Save as PDF for commercial printing If the publication is being sent to a commercial printer, do the following: • On the File menu, point to Pack and Go, and then click Take to a Commercial Printing service. • In the pane at left, in the How will this publication be printed?

List, click the option that you want. If you will be using an offset printing service, click Commercial Press. If you will be using a high-end copy shop, click High quality printing. • Click Printing Options. • In the Print Options dialog box, select the options that you need. (Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) Click OK. • Under Select an item to fix, repair any problems that Publisher has identified.

• Under Export, select the Create a PDF check box. • Click Save. • In the Pack and Go Wizard, select the location to which you want to export the file, and click Next.

If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again. To learn more, see. • On the File menu, click Publish as PDF or XPS. • In the File Name list, type or select a name for the drawing. • In the Save as type list, click PDF. • If you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box.

This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer. • Next to Optimize for, do one of the following, depending on whether file size or print quality is more important to you: • If the drawing requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing). • If the print quality is less important than file size, click Minimum size (publishing online).

• To print only a selection of pages, or to specify other publishing options, click Options, and select the settings that you need. (Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) Click OK. • Click Publish. If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again. To learn more, see. • Click the Microsoft Office Button, point to the arrow next to Save As, and then click PDF or XPS. • In the File Name list, type or select a name for the document.

• In the Save as type list, click PDF. • If you want to open the file immediately after saving it, select the Open file after publishing check box. This check box is available only if you have a PDF reader installed on your computer. • Next to Optimize for, do one of the following, depending on whether file size or print quality is more important to you: • If the document requires high print quality, click Standard (publishing online and printing).

• If the print quality is less important than file size, click Minimum size (publishing online). • Click Options to set the page range to be printed, to choose whether markup should be printed, and to select the output options. (Find links to more information on these options in the See Also section.) Click OK. • Click Publish. If you want to make changes to the PDF after saving it, return to your original 2007 Microsoft Office system file in which you created it and save the file as PDF again.

To learn more, see. To export your Word document or Excel workbook to PDF format on iOS tap the File button at the top left, choose Export and then PDF. Portable Document Format (PDF) preserves document formatting and enables file sharing. When the PDF format file is viewed online or printed, it retains the format that you intended. The PDF format is also useful for documents that will be reproduced using commercial printing methods.

PDF is accepted as a valid format by many agencies and organizations, and viewers are available on a wider variety of platforms than XPS.